Relapse in the context of addiction can be a daunting concept, but understanding the phases that lead up to it can empower those in recovery to take proactive steps to prevent or manage it. Relapse, as a process, is more than just a single event; it’s often preceded by a series of internal and external changes that signal a deterioration in recovery. By recognizing these warning signs early, individuals can intervene before a full relapse occurs.
The 11 Phases of Relapse
To help navigate these challenges, let’s break down the 11 phases of relapse, exploring each one in detail. These phases range from subtle internal changes to overt behavioural loss of control, providing a roadmap to understanding what might precede a relapse and how to address it.
Phase 1: Internal Change
The first phase of relapse is characterized by internal changes that are often invisible to others. Individuals might experience old thoughts or habits resurfacing but may not be honest about these feelings. Stressful life events—such as a new job, relationship changes, or family issues—can trigger these internal shifts. These might include a decreased motivation to engage in recovery activities or a belief that recovery is no longer a priority. If you start to feel unexplained mood swings or a lack of motivation to maintain your recovery routine, this might be an early warning sign.
Phase 2: Denial
In this phase, an individual begins to deny the changes they are experiencing. Even if they sense something is off, they may convince themselves everything is fine. Denial can be persistent, making it difficult for both the individual and their support system to recognize the underlying issues. This phase is often characterized by a lack of transparency about struggles, which can mask the need for intervention.
Phase 3: Avoidance and Defensiveness
As relapse progresses, avoidance and defensiveness become more apparent. The individual might start focusing on others’ problems rather than their own, and they may become defensive when questioned about their recovery. This phase might involve a noticeable decrease in communication about recovery-related issues and an increase in impulsive or poor decision-making.
Phase 4: Crisis Building
The crisis building phase involves an individual compartmentalizing their problems, focusing only on specific aspects of their life while ignoring others. This can lead to feelings of being overwhelmed, neglecting responsibilities, and experiencing guilt or shame. This phase often includes a noticeable decline in motivation and an inability to plan for the future.
Phase 5: Feeling Immobilized
During this phase, individuals may feel completely overwhelmed and experience a sense of hopelessness. They might struggle with daydreaming or wishful thinking rather than taking concrete steps to address their issues. There’s often a lack of motivation and a feeling of being trapped in a cycle of failure.
Phase 6: Persistent Confusion and Overreaction
Here, individuals experience persistent confusion, emotional dysregulation, and difficulty thinking clearly. Mood swings and emotional outbursts become more common, and there’s an increase in irritability and frustration. The individual may also struggle with memory issues and a general inability to manage stress effectively.
Phase 7: Depression
Depression in this phase can severely impact daily functioning. Symptoms might include changes in eating and sleeping patterns, a lack of motivation, and a general feeling of worthlessness. Depression becomes more apparent to those around the individual, often interfering with their ability to maintain their routine and engage in recovery activities.
Phase 8: Behavioural Loss of Control
In this phase, individuals may feel they have lost control over their thoughts, feelings, and behaviours. There’s often a decline in participation in recovery-related activities, and an “I don’t care” attitude might emerge. This phase is marked by a noticeable decline in self-respect and an increase in anger and defensiveness towards others.
Phase 9: Recognition of Unmanageability
The individual starts to recognize that they cannot deny their problems any longer. They might experience physical coordination issues and a sense of being overwhelmed. There’s often self-pity and a growing realization of how far they’ve strayed from their recovery goals. This phase may include thoughts of using substances again, despite understanding the negative consequences.
Phase 10: Option Reduction
Feeling completely trapped, individuals may believe they only have a few options: insanity, suicide, or returning to substance use. This phase is characterized by irrational beliefs, a cessation of recovery efforts, and an overwhelming sense of frustration and helplessness.
Phase 11: Physical Relapse
The final phase is marked by a return to substance use or addictive behaviours. Attempts to control the behaviour fail, and the individual might experience guilt and shame. The addiction often takes a stronger hold, leading to significant negative impacts on physical health, relationships, and overall life quality.
Recognizing and Addressing Warning Signs
Understanding these phases and recognizing your symptoms at each stage can be crucial in preventing a full relapse. If you notice any signs from these phases in yourself or if those around you raise concerns, it’s important to address them proactively. Engage in open communication with your support system and discuss a relapse prevention plan. This plan should include identifying early warning signs and deciding on interventions that can help you stay on track with your recovery.
Recovery is a continuous journey with ups and downs, and being aware of these phases can help you navigate through challenges more effectively. Remember, early intervention can make a significant difference, so don’t hesitate to seek support if you find yourself struggling. By staying vigilant and proactive, you can maintain your recovery and continue moving forward.
Watch Yin Yee Explain More About The 11 Phases of Relapse Here: Relapse Warning Signs
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Learn More About Yin Yee
Yin Yee is a Certified Multiple Addictions Therapist, with a specialization in Sexual Addiction, Gaming and Internet Addiction, and Financial Disorders. She utilizes an evidence-based approach to achieve long-term recovery from problematic sexual behaviour. She is also a Certified Partner Trauma Therapist working with the partners of those struggling with compulsive sexual behaviour.
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